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Featured writing

Kyoto in July (Torres)

July in Kyoto means the Gion Festival, the city’s premier event which stretches over the whole month and provides tourists with an array of glittering photo-ops. The piece below is an excerpt from “Kyoto Souvenir,” a book by Fernando Torres still in the preliminary stages which tells of buying a forsaken house in Higashiyama. (He describes it as “Under the Tuscan Sun,” if it had taken place in Japan and was written by a Mexican-American from Las Vegas.) (JD)


Kyoto in July is where I learned the vocabulary for “what am I doing here instead of someplace cooler,” or “mushi-atsui,” as is said in the local vernacular.  In Las Vegas, we don’t actually have humidity.  Months go by with nary a cloud in the sky.  Like a character from one of my fantasy novels, I find myself able to project small bolts of lighting from my fingers, much to the detriment of Winston, our British Shorthair.  In Kyoto, there are no such problems with static electricity as the humidity is as thick as the purin I eat with my lunch.  Were this not a country of “mildly air-conditioned” train cars, it might not feel like a chapter in Dante’s Inferno.  People in Japan seem to enjoy complaining about the heat as much as folks in other countries enjoy talking about sports or politics.  In an unexpected moment of wisdom, we decided to become the first owners in our house’s 120-year history to install air-conditioning.  Since I never met any of the previous occupants, one can only assume that they melted and were absorbed into the soil beneath the foundation.  As I luxuriate beneath the vents, like a Christmas ham, I don’t even care that Kansai Electric raised the rates after the earthquake.  One of the advantages of being an adult is the ability to run your air-conditioner with only your pocketbook to object.  It could scream for all I care, and I would just smother my wallet in the blanket of humidity that covers the city. Every year, I swear that I will avoid Japan during the sweltering months of summer, for someplace more comfortable like Las Vegas or Hell.  Drawn by some home improvement project or festival, however, I continuously find myself in the ancient capital fanning myself like a character in a jidaigeki (時代劇).  There is a heightened sense of community in communal suffering.  I suppose seeing the sweat pouring down someone’s forehead has the effect of humanizing them.

In a city of festivals, one towers above them all, quite literally.  Gion Festival is held every July because apparently October was already booked.  I believe the same meteorologists who create the cherry blossom forecast are the ones who determined the absolute hottest time of the year in which to hold a matsuri and the rest is history.  While its origins are in a ritual to prevent disasters (御霊会), I am reasonably sure I will spontaneously combust from the heat.  Thirty-two movable museums, some twenty-five meters tall, are pulled with great hemp ropes down the streets of the city as has been done for over a thousand years.   The nine hoko floats are not able to be steered, but by dousing bamboo strips laid under the wheels with water, the fifty or so men can turn them in the appropriate direction.  I have a chance to view these venerable skyscrapers at the Yoi-yama street party.  Shijo-dori is completely closed to traffic.  I experience a sense of thrill walking down the middle of the street, where I usually can only ride in green city buses or in the back of red and black taxi cabs.  It seems as if all of Japan has descended upon Kyoto to view the parade floats and eat chimaki cakes wrapped in bamboo.  Some of the neighborhood houses display their heirlooms which gives me a chance to look into machiya that would normally be closed to my prying eyes.

For those looking for additional culture, long lines are available in front of the food stalls.  This is to uphold the Japanese pastime of standing for unreasonable periods of time with an ungodly number of your fellow citizens.  I knew I had become a local when I got in a line at a food hall without any idea of what they were actually selling.  The person in front of me didn’t know either.  The lukewarm yakisoba I’m handed is brought up to the appropriate temperature by merely sharing the heat enjoyed by the thousands of us packed like unagi in a bento box.  Still, there is something about festival food that is irresistible.  Perhaps it is the idea of a reward at the end of the line.

The day of the parade, the Yamaboko Junko, my wife and I decide to wear our yukatas, but perhaps a more appropriate outfit would be an air-conditioned space suit.  We find a place across from where several local maikos are giving gifts to the participants as they pass.  The juxtaposition they create, with the conbini store behind them, is a fitting symbol for the age-old festival in the modern era.  One of the gentlemen drops the gift they have handed him, which elicits polite laughter from the maikos eager to maintain the harmony (和).  Paid seating is available, but  I’d rather use the 3000 yen towards keeping my house as cold as an icebox.  Especially, when the reward at the end of this line is a thousand years of history with friends and neighbors in the city that I love.


For a self-introduction by Fernando Torres, please click here. There is also a professionally produced 4k video shot by him last July, which is just seven minutes long and has rare close-up shots of festival scenes and Kyoto highlights, all set to atmospheric music and visually appealing.

Featured writing

Hearn’s Kyoto Stories 3: ‘Screen Maiden’ (Sokulski)

Those familiar with the rich heritage of artwork in Japan will be aware of numerous stories about painted figures which are so life-like that they come alive and step out of their frames, like the characters in Woody Allen’s The Purple Rose of Cairo. The Kyoto painter Okyo Murayama for instance painted a ghost that was so realistic it floated off from the painting never to be seen again. In ‘The Screen-Maiden’ (part of the miscellany Shadowings, 1900) Lafcadio Hearn writes of a similar phenomenon with regard to the artist Hishigawa Kichibei (aka Moronobu) (1618-94), whose portrait of a young girl captivates a young Kyoto scholar named Tokkei, living in Muromachi Street. Such is the power of his passion that he summons her into existence and ends up happily married to her. As for the painting, “The space that she had occupied upon it remained a blank.” In the piece below, WiK intern Andrew Sokulski uses Hearn’s story as a springboard for reflections upon relationships and the nature of love. (JD)

Self-portrait by Hishikawa courtesy Wikidata

Hishikawa print in the British Museum

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Reflections on Hearn’s “The Screen Maiden” by Andrew Sokulski

Oftentimes otherworldly happenings can more precisely explain everyday events in our world. In Lafcadio Hearn’s “The Screen Maiden” an exquisite painting of a beautiful young girl becomes the betrothed of a young man. A most intriguing read indeed, the story seems to hint at three critical aspects of love: patience, humility, and reciprocity.

At the start of the story a description of the miraculous aspects of “Hishigawa’s Portraits” is given. “It is said that the creatures or the persons he painted would separate themselves from the paper or the silk upon which they had been depicted, so that they became, by their own will, really alive.” (Pg. 1) The description makes what would otherwise be seen as absurd into something rational. From this point on, the story tells of how the man and the lady came to be united in love. It starts with him returning home after a day’s work: “One evening, while on his way home after a visit, his attention was attracted by an old single-leaf screen (tsuitaté) exposed for sale before the shop of a dealer in second-hand goods.” (Pg. 2). Intrigued by the portrait, he bought the screen and went home.

After an initial phase of love-at-first-sight, his feelings developed into a more intense relationship. He reached out to her and expressed his amorous feelings. He couldn’t help but think of her day and night, as if her reflection could be seen in the luminous haze of the moon as well as in the radiant glare of the sun. In Hearn’s words: “When he looked again at the screen, in the solitude of his own room, the picture seemed to him much more beautiful than before. Apparently it was a real likeness–the portrait of a girl fifteen or sixteen years old; and every little detail in the painting of the hair, eyes, eyelashes, mouth, had been executed with a delicacy and truth beyond praise.” (Pg. 2). Enraptured by her beauty, the man could not contain his passion, and it seemed the girl too wished to appear to him free of the painting within which she was placed.

Though the man vowed to sacrifice his life if the girl did not become his lover, a friend advised him to be more resolute. Sit before her each day and call her by name, he suggests. Then when she responds, offer her a cup of wine mixed from 100 different wine-shops. Miraculously she does eventually appear, whereupon she acts surprisingly calmly and asks, “Will you not soon get tired of me?” (Pg. 5). He pledges never to leave her and to treat her as kindly as he can. In such humble fashion, their relationship is settled.

Reciprocity is achieved as the two of them come to an agreement to acquiesce in each other’s innermost thoughts. The man overcomes his overzealous emotion in order to have a loving relationship with her. For her part, she agrees to become his partner after making certain that he will not act brashly toward her. It seems they had a smooth relationship: “I suppose that Tokkei was a good boy — for his bride never returned to the screen.”(Pgs. 5-6).

The three aspects of patience, humility, and reciprocity thus enable a crystalized love to be formed. This is underpinned by a play on words, for Hearn mentions the Japanese word 衝立「ついたて」early on in the story, which can be translated as a standing or partitioning screen. In this sense the screen could represent the stages of closeness and distance in love. If one approaches a lover too rapidly, he or she may choose seclusion behind a screen of formalities. If on the other hand one approaches calmly, and if the love is mutual, the couple will come to an understanding of the larger scope of life and a sharing of each other’s stories. Eventually, if their wishes match one another, they may decide to join their circumstances and promise to face the future hand in hand. With love, as with writing, in order to arrive at the point at which one can convey an emotional core to others, one must proceed smoothly, step by step, through screens of understanding and mystery. Only by constant struggle will one achieve calm and clarity in the end. In this way one’s imaginary ideal may well come to life and flourish in actual reality.

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For Andrew’s previous take on a Hearn story, please click here to see his piece on ‘The Sympathy of Benten’.

 

Hishikawa: Girl dancing while a young man plays the samisen and an older woman reclines behind him.

Writers in focus

World Cup Watching (Edward J Taylor)

The summer that Japan hosted the World Cup was one of the highlights of my many years there.  By day I was hitchhiking the 33 temples of the Kansai Kannon pilgrimage, while at night I’d return to a city somewhere to watch a match.  I’d choose bars or pubs that had a connection to one of the teams on the pitch, and the energy of the fans could barely be contained within the four thin walls of the place.

In a similar spirit I thought it would be fun to go down to Cogolin [south-east France] to watch the national team play Argentina.  It was a typically quiet Saturday, when all the action is down at the beach. But today even the boules court was empty, and the only sound was the occasional raucous shout of “Merde!” coming through a window shuttered against the summer sun.

A workingman’s bar had laid out tables and chairs beneath some awnings at the front, and all eyes there were aimed at the large television hung beside the front door.  Every chair was full, occupied by bristle-haired, full-bellied men, along with the odd soccer widow.  An air of intoxication hung over this collective, but one that was heavy rather than convivial.  Indoors too was full, and tainted with the pungency of sweat and cigarettes.   Most of the room was engaged with a smaller TV, but for a quad of men oblivious to all but their card game.  There was just enough space to squeeze onto a bench beside them, but here too the atmosphere wasn’t terribly welcoming.  So we stepped out again and watched awhile from the street, just in time to see France’s beautiful third goal.  No matter how many times I saw the reply, I couldn’t tell if it were luck or skill, as the ball left the fully extended leg of Pavard and literally curled into the net.

Across the road, the cafe beside the boules court was nearly empty but for a dozen people who seemed to be staff along with a few of their mates.  While they were friendly, the decor itself was cold, all cheap steel and formica.  Over a milky pastis I saw France score their fourth and deciding goal, so with less than ten minutes to go and the match seemingly won, we headed off to run errands.

Across from the pharmacy I noticed a new bar that specialized in craft beers, done up in the wooden look of Ye Olde Timey English Pub, yet with the exposed copper pipes of 19th century France. Aside from the barkeeper and a couple of his friends at the bar, the seven or eight people alternately cheered or moaned in accents English or American.  I stood in the doorway as LYL got her perception filled, but when Argentina came within a single goal I moved inside for the local version of Pale Ale.  This took some doing for I couldn’t draw the attention of the barman away from the television, deep into the match was he perdu.

And with France the eventual victor, the streets began to fill.  We strolled the lanes back to the car, as voices rose from the boules court, and from within the cafés came once more the clutter of cutlery and the clink of glass.

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For a travel piece by Edward J Taylor on Havana, Cuba, see here.

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Writers in focus

Wit and wisdom (Preston Keido Houser)

Gnome Poetry and Improv Evening (24/6/2018)

There once was a monk from Madrid
Who declared that his good deeds were hid.
Not thinking a thought
Nor seeking the sought,
His doing was nothing he did.

 

Capitalist cat chasing leaves
As if they were mice
American short hair

 

Sometimes you get it back
But it never returns
In the form that it left –
Money maybe but never love

Winter nighthawks hover
Over moon-lit revelations
The dead in the field

There once was a monk from L.A.
Who was lost in the ways of the Way.
In order to make it
He had to forsake it,
The searching that led him astray.

There once was a monk from Crimea
Who conceived of his own utopia
But he could not fulfill
His ambition until
He subtracted the “I” from idea.

 

There once was a monk from Havana
Who was hung up on subduing nirvana.
To extinguish the fire
One must dispense with desire.
I can but I don’t really wanna.

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For more poetry by Preston, see here.

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WiK Poetry and Improv 2018

Mark Richardson reads out some surreal verse as Amy Chavez and husband listen in the foreground

It’s not easy to draw crowds to poetry events, but WiK managed twenty plus customers last night packed into the Gnome for an evening of great variety. Each performer had five minutes to display their talents, and each took a very different approach to their five minutes of fame Thanks are due to all those who contributed to the overall success of the evening. This follows last year’s poetry and improv, showing we’re building a strong annual tradition of showcasing WiK poetry in June.

Thanks to Sydney Solis for demonstrating how performance poetry should be performed. Thanks to Preston Houser for demonstrating the shakuhachi way to enlightenment. Thanks to our intern Andrew Sokulis for daring to come up with spontaneous improvisation on a theme (takes guts to do that). Thanks to Ken Rodgers for not being a poet but spouting poetically. Thanks to James Woodham for his very original folk song rendition, thanks to Mayumi Kawaharada for haiku-ing in a foreign language, and thanks to Gary Tegler, narrator of Core Kyoto, for inspirational flights of pure sax fantasy. Thanks to Robert Yellin for unearthing his pre-pottery poetical self, and thanks to Mark Richardson for some serious stuck-in-the-elevator surrealism. Thanks too to special guests Amy and husband for making the effort to attend and for raffling off her new book, Best Behavior in Japan.

It was a fun evening, with many memorable moments. Let’s think what WiK poets can do next! (Photos thanks to R. Yellin, though possibly not the one of himself.)

John D reads from AJ Dickinson

Ken Rodgers takes the stage to read some of his own poetry and to advertise the forthcoming Kyoto Journal plus Chris Mosdell’s new book on Kyoto

Preston Houser with some witty Zen verse, interspersed with shakuhachi

Mayumi Kawaharada reads her seasonal cycle of haiku from Echoes: Writers in Kyoto Anthology 2017

Robert Yellin reveals he was a published poet before he was struck by the poetry of pottery and changed course

Gary Tegler blowing pure inspiration in his improvisation on the theme of Mayumi’s haiku

James Woodham reciting his own poem, before giving a rendition of it in original folksong

MC for the evening, Sydney Solis, made sure things moved along and entertained the audience with some fine poetry and a running gag of mispronunciations

WiK intern Andrew Sokulis came up with the first long spontaneous piece of improvised poetry that we’ve had. A revelation.

Amy Chavez conducts a lottery for her new book, helped by MC Sydney, with doorman and social secretary David Duff watching on in striking red

Writers in focus

Kirsty Kawano self-introduction

Kirsty Kawano: Interview

1) Could you tell us about your background and connection with Japan?

I first came to Japan on a one-year student exchange directly after high school. I had always been interested in living in a country with a different language, so when Japan was proposed as a destination I went with it.

I returned to my hometown of Melbourne, Australia, to study journalism and then came to Japan again. After teaching English for a while and studying Japanese, I eventually worked as the editor of a corporate in-house magazine and then on the editing desk of a financial newswire.


2) What sort of writing do you do?

I am a freelance journalist. At the moment, I mainly write for online publications in Japan.

I write about my experiences and things that I find interesting in daily life. Having moved to Kyoto 11 months ago, I now write some travel articles, and have written a few pieces about trying to fit into life here.

Writing for the internet can be daunting because readers can so easily post comments on an article, but so far I’ve received positive feedback—even some thank-yous for the stories I’ve written. It is exciting to be available to a worldwide audience. I once had three comments posted about the same article—one from a reader in Africa, one from Japan, one from South-East Asia.


3) What brought you to Kyoto?

Kyoto is where my husband and I met. We soon moved to Tokyo for our careers and found the city difficult to navigate and frustratingly complex. I remember saying to my husband back then that we should return to Kyoto one day. After 20 years in Tokyo, though, it was a shock when his career moved us back here.

Experiencing Kyoto now as a mother and writer is in many ways very different to how it felt being here as a young English-language instructor, but the sense of there being so much to discover and learn, remains the same.


4) Do you have any message for the members of Writers in Kyoto?

I look forward to learning more about Kyoto—and many other topics—with WiK members, and from them.

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For a piece by Kirsty comparing life in Tokyo to life in Kyoto, please click here.

To learn about the online publications belonging to the GPlusMedia group for which she does work, see https://gplusmedia.com/en/brand/.

Writers in focus

Fernando Torres (self-introduction)


1) Could you tell us a little bit about your background and your connection with Japan?

My first connection to Japan was through the Suzuki method. I was two and a half, and they had this crazy idea of teaching young children to play musical instruments, but you know something? It worked. When I was a bit older, we had two exchange students from Japan, which led to my lifelong obsession with Japanese food. Finally, as an adult, working as a suit at ABC/Disney, I was assigned to be a liaison for the Power Rangers, whom we had acquired from Saban and Fox. We took the Super Sentai series from Japan and reshot any dialogue scenes using English actors. Many of the costumes, from those years, are displayed at Toei Studios in Kyoto. In 2005, I finally dragged my wife to the Expo in Aichi, and that was the beginning of her love for Japan. A couple of years ago we bought a 120-year-old house near Tofukuji, and that’s when the relationship with Japan became more serious. As we sat in the back room of the bank, drinking tea with the sellers, agents, and scrivener, it became apparent that dating had turned to marriage.

At first, our neighbors appeared wary of us, as we were the first foreigners to move into the neighborhood. The association met to discuss how to handle the difficulties that might result from our arrival. It was the start of a time of rapid change for the sleepy neighborhood. Tourism to Kyoto was exploding, and nearby Fushimi Inari Shrine had become the city’s premier attraction. Many people chose to combine a visit to Tofukji Temple with the short walk to see the vermillion torii gates. Foreigners flooded the street that ran through our sleepy neighborhood. For nine months the renovation of our house dragged on. The previous owner had attempted to modernize the old machiya, and I was determined to restore as much of its traditional character as possible. Finally, Gion Festival arrived. My wife and I dressed in our yukatas to see the yama and hoko making their procession down Shijo street. The head of the neighborhood association appeared from his door to find us not in our usual western attire. He looked us over carefully, and to my surprise, voiced his approval. My wife rubbed his dog’s belly while I described our day’s plans in broken Japanese. Soon, the local sake shop owner, also a member of the neighborhood council, came out with his camera and began to take pictures. As we said our goodbyes and walked to the train station, it was clear that a shift had occurred. We were no longer strangers, but part of a community.

Fernando in his Disney days

2) What is it about Kyoto that attracted you?

I am originally from Los Angeles where we had no actual seasons — unless you count the Oscars. To be in a place where the passing of Summer to Fall occurs with religious sincerity is akin to gaining back a part of my life. It is like Michael Jackson searching for his childhood, but without the lawyers. In all seriousness, few people in Kyoto look forward to the changing of the leaves like I do. Last year, I even denied myself my momiji-gari (the viewing of fall foliage) so that I could appreciate them all the more this year. Local friends were astonished to find me avoiding Kyoto during November, but I said to them, “If I see them every year, I will only begin to take them for granted.” This year I have planted a small maple tree in front of the window near my horigotatsu, and I wouldn’t miss the arrival of its red and orange colors for all the world.

3) What sort of writing do you do?

Good, I hope (rimshot). While I work in several genres, all my work could be categorized as “high concept.” A Habit of Resistance is historical fiction, but the idea of a group of nuns joining the French Resistance is definitely “high concept.” I would not advise other writers to work in as many genres as I do, but there is a continuity of themes that is unmistakable in my writing.

4) What has been the most satisfying moment for you in your writing so far?

Fernando during his interview with TV Tokyo

I was at a book signing in Tuscon, and a college student was practically hyperventilating at her joy of being at my table. I didn’t know quite what to think, but those are the moments that keep you motivated. I also enjoyed talking about my writing with TV Tokyo recently, but I’m not sure how much of that will be present in the final cut.

5) What sort of problems have you faced?

Going from television to fighting for every reader has been a real change in paradigm. It’s difficult to stay motivated when you put forth so much effort only to achieve little comparable results. Feedback from readers is critical. In day-to-day life, my poor Japanese has been a factor, but I am committed to becoming conversational before I’ve insulted every last person in Honshu.

6) What projects are you currently working on?

I just finished the writer’s draft of a novel tentatively called, “More Than Alive.” It’s paranormal sci-fi and takes place in Japan thirty years in the future. Many issues such as privacy, and our virtual lives, are addressed, and it would be perfect for the Japanese market, were it not for my before mentioned Japanese skills. The main characters live in a house based on Ōkōchi Sansō in Arashiyama. I am also looking forward to writing my first nonfiction, the comedic story of buying and renovating our Meiji-era machiya in Kyoto.

7) What are your favourite books or writings about Japan?

I feel the most substantial connection to The Tale of Genji, although I’m still trying to grasp it truly. Every time I see a statue of Murasaki Shikibu I give thanks for what she accomplished and its effect on my life. Another reason is that my house is supposedly on the former location of Hosho-ji Temple, which is featured in the “Boat on the Waters” chapter. I’ve had difficulty confirming this little factoid, so any help from local historians is appreciated.

8) Finally, do you have any message for the members of Writers in Kyoto?

Ultimately I decided to join a writer’s group in Kyoto, rather than Las Vegas, because I related more to the everyday struggles of my fellow expatriates in Japan. Because I live a rather cloistered life, when I am in the U.S., I find myself interacting more with neighbors and friends in Japan. As I passed through Osaka, the other day, I found myself pondering what it even meant for something to be “foreign.” I visited Chicago a few months ago and found myself in a place that seemed exotic and unfamiliar compared to Dotonbori, where I know exactly where to go for the best okonomiyaki. Kyoto is yet more familiar still, and it occurred to me that I haven’t thought of it as being foreign for many years. Perhaps that is why it seemed best to join the Writers in Kyoto, and I look forward to your support and returning it as best I am able.

Fernando at a neighbourhood temple near the house at Tofukuji he has renovated

Teeuwen on Ise Jingu

Leading Shinto scholar Mark Teeuwen, has written several influential books on matters related to Japan’s indigenous faith. He’s known in particular for disputing the idea that there was such a thing as ‘Shinto’ in Japan’s ancient past, but that it was a later construct. His new publication, A Social History of the Ise Shrines, co-written with John Breen, has proved ground-breaking in terms of English language works on the subject. It was a great delight therefore for WiK to host him last Sunday for an informal talk on the changes Ise has been through in its long history.

First some interesting statistics. The Ise complex comprises 125 shrines. There are 120 priests (nearly ten times more than at other major shrines) and 500 auxiliary staff. The shrine owns forests as far away as Kyushu, has four museums as well as offices, educational facilities and residences, in addition to which it hosts facilities to produce rice, salt, timber etc. In short, this is a major enterprise, which moreover is committed to a twenty-year rebuilding cycle estimated to cost 57 billion yen. Small wonder that it needs substantial income, for since the end of World War Two it has been stripped of state support. It comes as little surprise then to learn that the Association of Ise Worshippers is headed by the ex-president of Toyota and that the top ranks are filled with big business magnates.Visitors to Ise may think it’s all about trees and wood, but money is a major concern!

The twenty year rebuilding cycle brings with it renewed focus and a surge of tourism. A comparison of 1993 and 2013 is instructive in this respect. Given that 9 million visitors in 2014 descended on a town of only 130,000, the management of shrine visitors and tourism is a consideration for local residents, and in 1993 much attention was given to a new motorway to the area. At the same time there were protests and even bombs against the imperial trappings and reenforcement of state ties. These were much more evident in 2013, when prime minister Shinzo Abe and eight of his cabinet ministers attended the sengyo no gi rite, in which the sacred mirror of Amaterasu is transferred from the old shrine to the new. The last time a prime minister had attended was in 1929 during the time of State Shinto, yet this won almost no attention in the mass media or from the populace at large. One wonders if it reflects political apathy, or perhaps it is simply an illustration of the drift to the right which has happened under Abe.

A Jinja Honcho campaign to go and worship at Ise

Standard descriptions of Ise like to suggest it has always been supreme and a centre of imperial worship. Mark T. however showed that this was far from the truth, and he identified six major historical periods with quite different values and business models. The shrine dates back to the late seventh century when an angry deity named Amateru (sic) disrupted the imperial household and was ejected, ending up at Ise. Mark T. believes that at this time the deity was male, and that it was only under the influence of Empress Jito (r.686-697) that the deity was feminised by Kojiki mythologisers in her honour (there are parallels between Amaterasu’s son and grandson with those of Jito).

During its subsequent history Ise took many guises. It came as a surprise to learn that at one time it was the seat of Enma, lord of the underworld, and indulgences were sold so as to avoid going to hell. At another time it was closely associated with the samurai (the court made pilgrimages to Kumano instead). Shop councils and inn keepers promoted the pilgrimage business through prayer masters called oshi, and the millions of Edo-era pilgrims who headed for the Outer Shrine were concerned with enjoyment and praying for agricultural success. There was little if any awareness of the emperor at the time, for the Tokugawa were all-powerful (and Ieyasu deified). Only with the development of the Kokugaku movement in the later Edo Period was there a revival in sentiment for the emperor.

It was the Meiji Period which brought major changes to Ise. The era is associated now with ‘the invention of tradition’, and Ise provides a striking example as it was transformed into the ancestral shrine of the emperor and given primacy in religious terms. For a start the oshi business, which had long sustained Ise, was banned. Hereditary priests were ousted and appointees installed. Fences were put up and shrines rearranged in a more rational and imperial manner. The Outer Shrine, for example whose deity was Amenonakanushi, lord of creation, was recast as sanctuary of a food deity serving Amaterasu, In this way the shrine came to take its present form as head of an emperor-centred ideology, and despite the change from nationalised institution to private institution after WW2, essentially nothing has changed. Still today most of the resources of the Association of Shrines (Jinja Honcho) go into supporting Ise’s primacy, even to the extent of using money from poorer shrines (some close to bankrupt).

There is no dogma in Shinto, noted Mark, though Jinja Honcho asserts one dogmatic axiom: Ise is supreme.

In contrast to the solemnity nowadays, Edo-era pilgrims were bent on enjoying themselves and even took a pet dog along, if this officially sanctioned picture is to be believed

Writers in focus

Cid Corman coffee shop

Mayumi Kawaharada writes…

Cid Corman (1924-2004)

Do you know the American sweets cafe called CC’s coffee shop in Kyoto, which was established in 1974 by the American poet and editor Cid Corman?

When he and his Japanese wife (Shizumi Konishi) left for America in 1980, his wife’s sister and her husband inherited the cafe. He returned to Kyoto again in 1983, but I’m uncertain if he took over the cafe or not. But he kept having poetry reading events at the cafe until he passed away. (Greg Dunne of Kyoto Journal, who now lives in Miyazaki Prefecture, became a friend of Cid and wrote a book about him called Quiet Accomplishment: Remembering Cid Corman.)
It’s more than 40 years since the establishment of the cafe but it still exists! Though there used to be home made ice cream, it’s gone. These days, there are home made cakes and beagle sandwiches. There are also various kinds of American-style cakes including pecan nut pie and apple pie. The slices are much bigger than the Japanese standard size.
The cafe stands on the north-east corner of Marutamachi St, and Shichihonmatsu St, which is not too far from JR Enmachi station. You will find a photo of Cid and his famous Japanese poet friend, Shinpei Kusano there.
The current owner is a sister of Cid’s late wife, who is now in her late eighties or even ninety something. So because of the current owner’s age, I recommend literary people to visit soon to savour the lingering feeling of the era of Cid Corman in Kyoto, before the cafe is gone. Many famous writers visited there, including Kenneth Rexroth and Edith Shiffert. In more recent times Taylor Mignon and Gregory Dunne too.
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Final letter and poems, with substantial listing of links
http://209.172.130.121/Cormanpage.htm
Cid Corman did not speak, read or write Japanese, even though his co-translation with Susumu Kamaike of Bashō’s Oku No Hosomichi is considered one of the most accurate in tone in the English language.This link tells of his manner of translation.
This link has photos and details (in Japanese) about CC’s Coffee Shop.
https://ameblo.jp/ecrit-cotocoto/entry-12213993999.html
A personal memory of CC’s Cafe in this google book

 

Writers in focus

Mike Freiling self-introduction

Mike Freiling

Mike was born in San Francisco and attended USF as an undergraduate, where he first became interested in poetry at readings by Allen Ginsburg, Gary Snyder and others of that generation. At USF he also became interested in Japanese literature, as he and his friends read anything by Yukio Mishima that they could get their hands on. As a grad student at MIT, Mike found the time to study poetry under David Ferry at Wellesley, and was a co-founder of Rune, which eventually became MIT’s official literary magazine (http://runemag.mit.edu/index.php).

In 1977, Mike was named a Luce Scholar (http://www.hluce.org/lsprogram.aspx), with an appointment at Kyoto University. During his scholarship year, Mike managed to learn enough Japanese to produce a translation of the Hyaku Nin Isshu as his final report to the Luce Foundation. In 2014, Mike returned to Japan for the first time in 25 years, and began writing a series of poems that recorded his experiences at different shrines and temples in Kyoto, Tokyo, and Kanazawa. He now spends about 3 months of the year in Japan, writing poetry in both English and Japanese.

Today, Mike is at work on several writing projects. Iceplant is a collection of poems about growing up in San Francisco’s Sunset District in the ‘50’s and ‘60’s. Dewdrop explores cross-cultural themes common to both Eastern and Western spirituality. Tanuki Tales are short prose stories intended to make spirituality interesting and accessible to those who are outside of any institutional religious tradition. Mike is also engaged with a team of poets and native Japanese speakers in translating a recently discovered manuscript of haiku that were written collectively by Issei Japanese in the World War II detention centers of Oregon and Idaho.

 

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